Compare compounds

Retatrutide

Start

2 mg

Range

2–12 mg

Frequency

Once weekly

Cycle

Ongoing, titrated every 4 weeks

Vials

10 / 20 / 30 mg

Titration

1. Weeks 1–4: 2 mg
2. Weeks 5–8: 4 mg
3. Weeks 9–12: 8 mg
4. Weeks 13+: 12 mg (highest trial arm)

MOTS-c

Start

5 mg

Range

5–10 mg per week

Frequency

1–2× weekly

Cycle

6–8 weeks

Vials

10 / 40 mg

Retatrutide

Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a single peptide agonist of three receptors: GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon. Adding glucagon-receptor activity is studied for increasing energy expenditure and liver-fat effects on top of the appetite effects of GIP/GLP-1 agonism.

MOTS-c

MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. In mice it acts mainly on skeletal muscle, inhibiting the folate cycle and purine synthesis, which activates AMPK; under metabolic stress it moves to the nucleus and regulates gene expression.

Retatrutide

• Phase 2 obesity trial (338 adults): mean weight change at 48 weeks ranged from −8.7% to −24.2% across arms vs −2.1% with placebo.
• In the highest arm, 83% of participants lost 15% or more of body weight at 48 weeks, vs 2% on placebo.
• Preclinical and early clinical work describes glycaemic and weight effects from combined triple-receptor agonism.

MOTS-c

• In mice, MOTS-c treatment prevented age-dependent and high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance and diet-induced obesity.
• Plasma levels of MOTS-c decline with age, according to a 2023 review.

Retatrutide

• Investigational: not approved by the FDA or EMA for any indication. Phase 3 trials are ongoing.
• Phase 2 adverse events were mainly gastrointestinal and dose-related; heart-rate increases were also reported.

MOTS-c

• Not approved by the FDA or EMA for any indication; research-grade material is not a medicine.
• A 2023 review notes no effective clinical method of using MOTS-c has been developed; evidence is preclinical.

Retatrutide

2 references · view

MOTS-c

2 references · view