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Epitalon

Start

5 mg

Range

5–10 mg

Frequency

Once daily

Cycle

10–20 days, 1–2× per year

Vials

10 / 50 mg

GHK-Cu

Start

1 mg

Range

1–2 mg

Frequency

Once daily

Cycle

4–8 weeks

Vials

50 / 100 mg

Epitalon

Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) is a synthetic tetrapeptide based on epithalamin, a bovine pineal extract. Reported effects include melatonin-synthesis changes, enzyme activation including telomerase, and antioxidant activity; reviewers note the mechanism is not fully established.

GHK-Cu

GHK (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) is an endogenous tripeptide found in human plasma, saliva and urine that binds Cu(II) with high affinity. The GHK-Cu complex is studied as a copper-delivery and signaling molecule: in fibroblast cultures it stimulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, modulates metalloproteinases and their inhibitors, and gene-expression analyses associate GHK with shifts in many genes linked to tissue remodeling, antioxidant response and inflammation.

Epitalon

• A 2025 review summarised about 25 years of in vitro, animal and in silico work describing geroprotective and neuroendocrine effects.
• In human cell lines, epitalon extended telomere length dose-dependently in normal cells via hTERT and telomerase upregulation; in breast-cancer lines it acted through ALT activation.

GHK-Cu

• Increased collagen synthesis in cultured human fibroblasts at nanomolar concentrations (in vitro).
• Enhanced wound contraction, angiogenesis and extracellular-matrix deposition in animal wound models.
• Connectivity Map analyses link GHK to reversal of gene-expression signatures associated with tissue damage and aging.
• Topical cosmetic studies report changes in skin density, elasticity and fine-line measurements.

Epitalon

• Not approved by the FDA or EMA for any indication; research-grade material is not a medicine.
• Most published work comes from a small number of research groups; physico-chemical and structural studies remain limited. The cited 2025 cell-line paper has a published correction replacing figures 1–3; interpretation should use the corrected version.
• No large controlled human safety dataset is available.

GHK-Cu

• Used as an ingredient in topical cosmetic products; not approved by the FDA as a drug for any indication.
• Most mechanistic evidence is from cell culture and animal models. Human topical research also includes controlled diabetic-ulcer studies; those formulations and wound-care settings do not establish injectable benefits.
• Plasma GHK levels are reported to decline with age, a basis for its study in aging research.

Epitalon

3 referencias · ver

GHK-Cu

5 referencias · ver